Signs of Drug Abuse

The following signs may indicate that your adolescent is involved in drug use:

Context First

Healthy Living & Substance Use

Before looking at warning signs, it helps to understand why adolescent substance use is particularly serious — and how to discuss it with your adolescent.

The Developing Brain

The adolescent brain is still forming until the mid-twenties. Alcohol, drugs, and nicotine (in vapes and cigarettes) can impact memory, learning, and decision-making — not just now, but in lasting ways.

Discuss these facts with your adolescent. Set clear expectations and encourage activities that support their mind and body: sports, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep.

How to Have the Conversation

Focus on health and safety risks rather than purely on rule-breaking. Talk about real-world pressure — parties, social situations, and what peers say and do.

Develop a “code word” your adolescent can use when they are in a risky or uncomfortable situation — a signal that they need you to come and get them, no questions asked.

Warning Signs

What to Look For

The following signs may indicate that your adolescent is involved in drug use. No single sign is proof — but a cluster of changes, especially alongside a shift in mood or secrecy, warrants a calm, caring conversation.

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Shifts in Friendship Groups

Sudden changes in who they spend time with, or becoming secretive about new friends.

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Worsening School Performance

Frequent absences, slipping grades, or a noticeable drop in motivation or engagement.

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Increased Secrecy

Becoming more private or secretive about their belongings, phone, and daily activities.

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Masking Smells

Using incense, air fresheners, deodorant sprays, or perfume in unusual amounts — potentially to disguise smoke or chemical smells.

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Changes in How They Talk

More guarded, using “code words” or vague language with friends; conversations that stop when you enter the room.

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Changes in Clothing Style

A new interest in outfits or items associated with drug culture, or changes in appearance that seem sudden.

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Borrowing Money More Often

Asking for cash without clear reasons, or money going missing around the house.

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Drug-Related Items

Finding pipes, rolling papers, small bags, or similar materials in their room, bags, or clothing.

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Signs of Inhalant Use

Hairspray, nail polish, correction fluid, or other household products missing or used unusually; rags or paper bags may also be present.

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Frequent Use of Eye Drops

Using eye drops more often, potentially to hide red eyes or enlarged pupils.

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Frequent Mints, Gum, or Mouthwash

Newly frequent use of breath-freshening products to conceal alcohol odour.

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Prescription Medication Going Missing

Especially painkillers, narcotics, or mood-related medicines. Check the household medicine cabinet periodically.